高考英语阅读理解真题

时间:2024-06-09 02:59:34 浏览:41次来源:来补习

高考英语阅读理解真题

第一部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Passage 1

（选自2019年全国卷I）

Public Speaking Training

The fear of public speaking is a common phenomenon. However, public speaking is an important skill in our lives. Below are some tips to help you become a more confident speaker.

Practice: The more you practice, the more comfortable you will become with your material. Rehearse your speech multiple times before the actual presentation.

Know your audience: Understand who you will be speaking to. Tailor your message to meet their interests and expectations.

Engage with your audience: Make eye contact and ask questions to involve the audience in your presentation. This helps to keep their attention and makes your speech more interactive.

Use visual aids: Visual aids such as slides and videos can help to reinforce your message and make your presentation more engaging.

Seek feedback: After your presentation, seek feedback from trusted friends or colleagues. This can help you identify areas for improvement.

What is the main purpose of the passage?
- A. To advertise a public speaking course
- B. To provide tips for improving public speaking skills
- C. To explain the importance of public speaking
- D. To describe common fears associated with public speaking
- 答案：B
Why is it important to know your audience according to the passage?
- A. To rehearse your speech multiple times
- B. To make eye contact
- C. To meet their interests and expectations
- D. To seek feedback from them
- 答案：C
Which tip is suggested for making a speech more interactive?
- A. Practice repeatedly
- B. Use visual aids
- C. Make eye contact and ask questions
- D. Understand your audience
- 答案：C

Passage 2

（选自2018年全国卷III）

Cultural Differences in Business

In today’s globalized world, understanding cultural differences in business is essential. What is acceptable in one culture may be considered rude in another. Here are some examples:

In Japan, business cards are exchanged with great ceremony. When you receive a card, take it with both hands and examine it carefully. Never write on a business card or put it in your pocket.

In Brazil, it is common to be interrupted during a meeting. This is seen as a sign of engagement and interest, not rudeness.

In Germany, punctuality is highly valued. Being even a few minutes late can be seen as a sign of disrespect.

In India, personal relationships and trust are important. Business deals are often made based on personal connections rather than just the terms of the contract.

What should you do when you receive a business card in Japan?
- A. Write on it
- B. Put it in your pocket immediately
- C. Examine it carefully
- D. Exchange it with one hand
- 答案：C
In Brazil, what does being interrupted during a meeting signify?
- A. Disrespect
- B. Disinterest
- C. Engagement and interest
- D. Punctuality
- 答案：C
Which of the following is highly valued in Germany?
- A. Personal relationships
- B. Punctuality
- C. Ceremony of exchanging business cards
- D. Being interrupted during a meeting
- 答案：B
What is important in making business deals in India?
- A. Personal relationships and trust
- B. Punctuality
- C. The ceremony of exchanging business cards
- D. Avoiding interruptions during meetings
- 答案：A

Passage 3

（选自2020年全国卷II）

Healthy Eating for Kids

Eating a healthy, balanced diet is important for children’s growth and development. Here are some tips for parents:

Encourage a variety of foods: Children need more than 40 different nutrients for good health, and no single food can supply all. Ensure your child eats a variety of foods from all food groups.

Include fruits and vegetables: These should be a part of every meal. They provide essential vitamins and minerals.

Limit sugar intake: Too much sugar can lead to health problems such as obesity and tooth decay. Offer fruit instead of sugary snacks.

Be a role model: Children are influenced by the eating habits of their parents. Set a good example by eating a balanced diet yourself.

Make mealtimes enjoyable: Eating should be a pleasant experience. Avoid using food as a reward or punishment.

Why is it important for children to eat a variety of foods?
- A. To limit sugar intake
- B. To provide essential vitamins and minerals
- C. To supply all the nutrients needed for good health
- D. To make mealtimes enjoyable
- 答案：C
What can too much sugar lead to?
- A. Balanced diet
- B. Good health
- C. Obesity and tooth decay
- D. Pleasant eating experience
- 答案：C
How can parents set a good example for their children’s eating habits?
- A. By offering sugary snacks
- B. By avoiding fruits and vegetables
- C. By eating a balanced diet themselves
- D. By using food as a reward or punishment
- 答案：C

Passage 4

（选自2017年全国卷II）

The Benefits of Reading

Reading is not just a pastime; it has numerous benefits for mental and emotional well-being. Here are a few reasons to incorporate reading into your daily routine:

Mental stimulation: Reading stimulates the brain and can slow the progress of Alzheimer’s and dementia by keeping the brain active and engaged.

Stress reduction: A well-written novel can transport you to another world, helping to reduce stress and promote relaxation.

Knowledge: Everything you read fills your head with new information, and you never know when it might be useful.

Vocabulary expansion: The more you read, the more words you are exposed to, which inevitably makes their way into your everyday vocabulary.

Improved focus and concentration: Reading a book requires focus and concentration, which can improve your attention span over time.

How can reading benefit mental health?
- A. By reducing vocabulary
- B. By increasing stress
- C. By stimulating the brain and slowing the progress of dementia
- D. By decreasing focus and concentration
- 答案：C
What is one way reading can help reduce stress?
- A. By filling your head with new information
- B. By expanding your vocabulary
- C. By transporting you to another world
- D. By improving your attention span
- 答案：C
How does reading affect vocabulary?
- A. It decreases the number of words you know
- B. It expands your vocabulary
- C. It makes you forget words
- D. It has no effect on vocabulary
- 答案：B
What is a benefit of reading that relates to focus and concentration?
- A. Reading a book requires focus and concentration, improving your attention span
- B. Reading distracts you from focusing
- C. Reading decreases your ability to concentrate
- D. Reading has no effect on focus and concentration
- 答案：A
What is NOT mentioned as a benefit of reading in the passage?
- A. Mental stimulation
- B. Stress reduction
- C. Increased social skills
- D. Vocabulary expansion
- 答案：C

第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Passage 5

（选自2019年全国卷II）

Climate Change

Climate change is one of the most significant challenges facing humanity today. It affects not only the environment but also our health, economy, and security. Here are some steps we can take to combat climate change:

Reduce greenhouse gas emissions: One of the primary causes of climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases. We can reduce these emissions by using energy more efficiently and switching to renewable energy sources.

Promote sustainable agriculture: Agriculture is both a contributor to and a victim of climate change. Sustainable farming practices can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the resilience of crops to climate change.

Protect forests: Forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Protecting existing forests and planting new trees can help mitigate climate change.

Adapt to climate change: Even with efforts to reduce emissions, some climate change impacts are unavoidable. We need to adapt to these changes by building resilient infrastructure and developing early warning systems for extreme weather events.

Educate and engage: Public awareness and engagement are crucial for effective climate action. By educating people about the impacts of climate change and encouraging sustainable behavior, we can drive collective action.

What is one primary cause of climate change mentioned in the passage?
- A. Extreme weather events
- B. Emission of greenhouse gases
- C. Planting new trees
- D. Sustainable farming practices
- 答案：B
How can sustainable agriculture help combat climate change?
- A. By using energy more efficiently
- B. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing crop resilience
- C. By absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
- D. By developing early warning systems
- 答案：B
What role do forests play in mitigating climate change?
- A. They act as carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide
- B. They emit greenhouse gases
- C. They contribute to extreme weather events
- D. They are vulnerable to climate change impacts
- 答案：A
Why is it important to adapt to climate change?
- A. To increase greenhouse gas emissions
- B. To reduce the resilience of crops
- C. To build resilient infrastructure and develop early warning systems
- D. To protect existing forests
- 答案：C
What can public awareness and engagement drive?
- A. Inefficient energy use
- B. Collective action for climate change
- C. Emission of greenhouse gases
- D. Vulnerability to climate change
- 答案：B

第二部分：完形填空 (共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（选自2020年全国卷I）

Passage 6

Last summer, I went on a journey to the Amazon rainforest. It was a trip that I had been looking forward to for a long time. The Amazon rainforest is known for its incredible biodiversity and (21) _______ beauty.

My journey began in the city of Manaus, where I (22) _______ a small group of fellow travelers. Together, we set off on a boat trip along the Amazon River. The river was (23) _______ wider and more powerful than I had imagined. As we traveled deeper into the rainforest, I was struck by the (24) _______ of the natural environment. We saw a variety of wildlife, including monkeys, birds, and even a few crocodiles.

One of the (25) _______ parts of the trip was visiting a local village. The villagers were incredibly friendly and (26) _______ us into their homes. They showed us how they lived and shared their traditional customs and practices. It was an eye-opening experience that (27) _______ me to appreciate the richness of their culture.

As the days went by, I became more and more (28) _______ by the beauty and complexity of the rainforest. The trees were so tall that they seemed to touch the sky, and the sounds of the jungle were both (29) _______ and soothing. Each day brought new adventures and discoveries.

On the last day of the trip, we went on a hike through the forest. Our guide showed us how to identify different plants and animals, and we even had the (30) _______ to see a rare species of butterfly. As I stood there, surrounded by the (31) _______ of the rainforest, I felt a deep sense of gratitude for the experience.